METABOLIC PROCESS AND THE IMMUNOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF GLUTAMINE IN YOUNG ATHLETES

Visualizações: 289

Authors

  • Vinicius da Silva Freitas Estácio de Sá University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-3998
  • José Roberto Gonçalves de Abreu Vale do Cricaré University Center https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-9856
  • Natália de Fátima Miranda Cunha Federal University of ParáFederal University of Pará
  • Allan Carvalho Cardoso Federal University of Pará

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56579/rei.v5i6.456

Keywords:

Glutamine, Immune Function, Immune impairment

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the relationship between glutamine supplementation and the impairment of the immune system of young athletes, seeking to understand the extent to which glutamine deficiency influences the impairment of the immune system and increased susceptibility to infections in young people. This is a bibliographic review based on a qualitative survey of data whose question leading the research was the metabolic process of glutamine and its potentializing function of the immune system of young athletes. It is perceived the need, during catabolic/hypercatabolic circumstances, due to the physical effort perceived by young athletes, to have the appropriate supplementation of this amino acid, as its demand increases dramatically, leading to a deprivation of glutamine and a serious impairment of function of these athletes. It emerged from the research carried out that immune cells depend largely on the availability of this amino acid to survive, proliferate and function in the protection of our organism against pathogens.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Vinicius da Silva Freitas, Estácio de Sá University

Student of the Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences at Augusto Motta University Center.

José Roberto Gonçalves de Abreu, Vale do Cricaré University Center

Ph.D. in Physical Education from the Federal University of Espírito Santo (2020), holds a Bachelor's degree (1996), Specialization (1999), and Master's degree (2009) in Physical Education from the same institution. He is a Bachelor in Physical Therapy from Estácio de Sá University (2005), with Specializations in Sports Training - UFES, Primary Health Care - APS - SESA (2010), and Hospital Physiotherapy - Pulmonary Function (UNESC - 2009). Author of the book 'Physical Education and Regional Development,' he currently serves as Pro-rector for Innovation, Extension, and Research and coordinates the courses of Physical Education (both Bachelor's and Licentiate), Physiotherapy, and Pedagogy at Vale do Cricaré University Center. In the same institution, he also coordinates the Research Ethics Committee and is part of the Faculty of the Master's Program in Science, Technology, and Education at FVC. He is a permanent professor at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Espírito Santo - IFES, São Mateus campus. He served as Municipal Health Secretary and Municipal Education Secretary of the city of São Mateus from 2013 to 2016. He works as a Physiotherapist at the Meridional Hospital in São Mateus and is a member of the Education Committee of the Regional Council of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy of Espírito Santo - Crefito 15.

Natália de Fátima Miranda Cunha, Federal University of ParáFederal University of Pará

Medical student at the Federal University of Pará.

Allan Carvalho Cardoso, Federal University of Pará

Master in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pará.

References

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS. Comitê de Medicina Esportiva e Fitness e Comitê de Saúde Escolar. (2009). Organized sports for children and preadolescents. Pediatrics, 107, 1.459-1.462.

AUCOUTURIER J, et al. Metabolismo de gorduras e carboidratos durante o exercício submáximo em crianças. Sports Medicine. v.38, n.3, 213–238, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838030-00003

BASS S, INGE K. (2009). Nutrition for special populations: children and young athletes. In Clinical Sports Nutrition (edited by L. Burke and V. Deakin) 589-632. Sydney: McGraw-Hill

BASSIT RA, et. al. (2012). Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and immune response in long-distance athletes. Nutrition Magazine, 18, 376–379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(02)00753-0

CALDER PC, YAQOOB P. Glutamina e sistema imunológico. Amino Acids 2012, 17, 227–241. [CrossRef] [PubMed] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01366922

CRUZAT VF, et. al. Oral supplements with free and dipeptide forms of l-glutamine: effects on the muscle glutamine-glutathione axis and on heat shock proteins. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2014, v.2, n.25, 345–352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.11.009

CURI R, et al. Molecular mechanisms of glutamine action. J. Cell. Physiol. 2016, 204, 392–401. [CrossRef] [PubMed] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.20339

CURI R, et al. Regulatory principles in metabolismo - then and now. Biochem. J. 2012, 473,1.845–1.857. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

FROILAND K, et al. Use of nutritional supplements among university athletes and their sources of information. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. v.14, n.1, 104–120, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.14.1.104

GRIFITHS RD, et al. (2010) Total parenteral nutrition of glutamine and responses to infections acquired in intensive care. Clinical Nutrition 19, 42 (abstract 172).

GROHMANN U, et al. Pathways of detection and degradation of amino acids in immune regulation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2017, v.1, n. 35, 37–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.05.004

HARRELL JS, et al. Energy costs of physical activities in children and adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, vol.37, nº 2, 329–336, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000153115.33762.3F

JAYANTHI NA et al. Risks of training and specialization in elite junior tennis players. J Med Sci Tennis. 2011; 16(1):14-20.

KREBS HA. Amino acid metabolism: the synthesis of glutamine from glutamic acid and ammonia and the enzymatic hydrolysis of glutamine in animal tissues. Biochem. J. 1935, 29, 1.951–1.969. [CrossRef] [PubMed]

LAGRANHA CJ, et al. Glutamine supplementation prevents exercise-induced neutrophil apoptosis and reduces the phosphorylation of p38 mapk and jnk and the expression of p53 and caspase 3. Cell Biochem. Funct. 2007, 25, 563–569. [CrossRef] [PubMed] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.1421

MALINA RM, et al. Human Kinetics of Growth, Maturation and Physical Activity. Champaign, Ill, USA, 2ndedition, 2014.

MURPHY C, NEWSHOLME P. (2008) Importance of glutamine metabolism in murine macrophages and human monocytes in the L-arginine biosynthesis and rates of nitrite or urea production. Clin Sci 89, 397–407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0950397

NEWSHOLME P. (2011) Why is L-glutamine metabolism important for immune cells in health, post-injury, surgery or infection? J Nutr 131, 2515S–2522S. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.9.2515S

NEWSHOLME P, et al. Metabolism of glucose, glutamine, long-chain fatty-acids and ketone-bodies by murine macrophages. Biochem. J. 2012, 239, 121–125. [CrossRef] [PubMed] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2390121

OUDEMANS-VAN STRAATEN HM, et al. Depleção de glutamina no plasma e resultado do paciente em admissões agudas na UTI. Intensiv. Care Med. 2011, 27, 84–90. [CrossRef] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001340000703

RODRIGUEZ NR, et al. Posição e suporte da Escola Americana de Esportes e Medicina. Nutrição e desempenho atlético. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, v. 41 n3, 709–731, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31890eb86

SEEFELDT V, et al. Overview of Youth Sports Programs in the United States. Washington, DC: Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development; 2009, 335–339.

WIERSMA LD. Riscos e benefícios da especialização em esportes para jovens: perspectivas e recomendações. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2010; 12:13-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.1.13

WILMORE DW, SHABERT JK. Papel da glutamina nas respostas imunológicas. Nutrition, 2011, 14, 618–626. [CrossRef] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00009-4

Published

2023-11-19

How to Cite

Freitas, V. da S., Abreu, J. R. G. de, Cunha, N. de F. M., & Cardoso, A. C. (2023). METABOLIC PROCESS AND THE IMMUNOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF GLUTAMINE IN YOUNG ATHLETES. Interdisciplinary Studies Journal, 5(6), 09–21. https://doi.org/10.56579/rei.v5i6.456

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.