TOURNIQUETS IN PRE-HOSPITAL CARE
REGULATORY CHALLENGES, TRAINING, AND PROPOSALS FOR VICTIMS OF FIREARM-RELATED TRAUMA
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https://doi.org/10.56579/rei.v7i2.1917Keywords:
Tourniquet, Pre-hospital care, Anvisa, Severe hemorrhage, RegulationAbstract
The use of tourniquets is a historically effective practice in controlling severe hemorrhages, especially in military contexts. In Brazil, their adoption in pre-hospital care (PHC) faces regulatory and operational challenges, limiting their life-saving potential. Severe hemorrhages account for up to 30% of preventable deaths in urban trauma cases. Studies indicate that properly applied tourniquets can reduce mortality by up to 85%. However, the lack of regulation by ANVISA and insufficient training hinder their safe and effective dissemination. This study analyzes the effectiveness, international protocols, and barriers to implementing tourniquets in Brazil, with emphasis on ANVISA regulation and training. Specifically, it evaluates the effectiveness of tourniquets in both civilian and military contexts, identifies barriers, and proposes measures such as regulation and inclusion of the device in emergency kits. The methodology includes a literature review, analysis of international protocols (TCCC, NATO), and mortality data. Results show that early tourniquet application significantly increases survival chances. Total arterial occlusion time is the main factor in complications such as tissue necrosis. Regulation by ANVISA and training programs are essential to align Brazil with best practices, reducing preventable deaths from severe hemorrhages.
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