REALITIES, CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
REALIDADES, DESAFÍOS Y PERSPECTIVAS
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https://doi.org/10.56579/rei.v7i6.2659Palabras clave:
Políticas Educacionales, Educación Básica, Inclusión, Desigualdad Regional, Gestión EducacionalResumen
Este trabajo aborda la complejidad y los desafíos de las políticas públicas educacionales en Brasil, con foco en las políticas orientadas a la educación básica. El estudio discute el papel del Estado en la formulación e implementación de estas políticas, analizando los principales hitos históricos, como la creación del Fondo de Mantenimiento y Desarrollo de la Educación Básica (Fundeb) y el Plan Nacional de Educación (PNE), así como programas específicos como el Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (Pnae). La investigación documental, de enfoque cualitativo, evidencia la importancia de políticas que promuevan la equidad y la calidad educativa, pero también identifica obstáculos como la falta de recursos, la discontinuidad administrativa y las disparidades regionales que comprometen la efectividad de las acciones implementadas. El análisis demuestra que, a pesar de los avances, la sostenibilidad y eficacia de las políticas dependen de un compromiso de largo plazo y de una gestión integrada entre los niveles federal, estatal y municipal. Al final, se presentan recomendaciones para el perfeccionamiento de las políticas educativas, enfatizando la necesidad de una planificación estratégica que considere las especificidades regionales y asegure la inclusión de todos los estudiantes en el sistema educativo brasileño.
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